THE BOOK OF SAND Essay Example For Students

THE BOOK OF SAND Essay JORGE LUIS BORGES THE BOOK OF SANDClass: Spanish IIA Date: April 1, 1993 Spanish IIA Jorge Luis Borges is a famous Spanish author, known best for his short stories. In this paper, I will discuss several short stories written by Mr. Borges, what influenced him in his writings, and a brief history of his place of origin, Argentina. Borges The Book of Sand is the story of a man who is visitedby a stranger trying to sell a holy book called the Book of Sand. The narrator looks at the book and is unable to see the first or last pages of it because, as the stranger explains, the number of pages is infinite. The narrator is fascinated by the book and buys it, only to become obsessed with it, until the point that it is all he thinks about. He eventually gets rid of it bymixing it up in a pile of many other books in his basement. We will write a custom essay on THE BOOK OF SAND specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now As will be discussed in this paper, Borges wrote philosophy in a lot of his works. In The Book of Sand, infinity is depicted in the form of a mysterious book. It symbolizes mans constant search for the worlds existence. Borges is saying that it is an endless search and therefore pointless. The Other is the story of Borges sitting on a bench, as he feels as though he had lived that moment already. He begins to speak to the man seated besides him, and finds out the stranger has the same name, and the same address as he does. When Borges asks the man what year it is, the man answers 1918, even though it is 1969. It is then that the narrator figures out he is talking to the person whom he was fifty-one years earlier. He then tells the other him of the future, after which they part, knowing they will never meet like this again. This story deals with time. The author is very nostalgic and lives for his memories. It also is a philosophical story where Borges expresses his doubt that we all may just be an image of a greater being. The Mirror and the Mask is the story of an Irish king who tells a poet to write a poem describing his power. The poet wrote a praise of his fighting success, and in reward for the excellent poem, the king gives the poet a beautiful mirror and tells him to write another poem. In reward for his next work, the king gives the poet a mask. The king then asks for a third poem and receives a one line poem of perfection and in return gives him an elaborate dagger. The poet feels it to be a sin to hear such perfection andso he stabs himself with the dagger. The king also feels he has done wrong and becomes a beggar in his own kingdom never to repeat the poem again. What Borges is saying in this story is that should not try to understand G-d because he is unable to comprehend Him. He claims that mans quest for truth is an utterly vain task. Jorge Luis Borges was born August 24, 1899 to a financially comfortable family in Buenos Aires, Argentina. His father was a writer, a professor of psychology, and modern languages. He learned at home with a tutor until he was nine and began to learn English at home from his father, who always encouraged him to write. He came from a very literate family, and shared much cherished time with his fathers books. Borges once said for years I believed I had been brought up in a suburb of Buenos Aires, a suburb of dangerous streets and conspicuous sunsets. What is certain is that I was brought up in a garden, behind lanceolate iron railings, in a library of unlimited English books.(Here, he was referring to his fathers library)He was also greatly influenced by published poets and writers who were friends of the family and often visited.In 1914, before World War I, Borges family went to Europe where they traveled until the war was over. .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832 , .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832 .postImageUrl , .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832 , .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832:hover , .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832:visited , .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832:active { border:0!important; } .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832:active , .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832 .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubcb696c4ad62216b21769f62948b9832:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Merce Cunningham Essay During these years of traveling, Borges, in his teenage years, depended a lot on the company of his readings (mainly German philosophy and poetry).When his family returned to Buenos Aires, they were greeted by a more economically flourishing and modernized (due to European immigrants) home. Researchers note that many of Borges poems centered on the older sections of the city, as if he is trying to recapture the essence of a world that was disappearing before him. By the early 1920s, Borges had joined a group of young writers and he undertook the publication of a literary review. He wrote in Prisma , a magazine of art and poetry. He also associated alot with and was greatly influenced by Macedonio Fernandez, an eccentric humorist-philosopher. He was influenced by Fernandezs view of the world and of intellectuals. In 1924, he wrote for the Martin Fierro review, that believed in art for the sake of art. This is where he first becomes famous, and in fact, it was for prose and not poetry. He also wrote with a group called ultraistas who attempted to establish correspondence between sound and color. Borges learned there to reduce lyricism to metaphor, combine several images into one, and rid of wordy, poetic style. He studied and wrote alot on mysteries of the world, its existence, and how it came to be. A theme of time exists through many of Borges writings (as you can see in the stories discussed earlier). Some say the traumatic return to Buenos Aires and his shy personality may be reasons for his interest in eternity and his desire for control of time. He admits in his poems that time moves on, the world changes, that he will grow old, and that the past is gone forever. He says that one can only rely on their memories(as he expresses in The Other). In his fifties, Borges becomes blind, but continues to lecture in colleges and conferences around the world. During his lifetime, Borges was nominated several times for the Noble Prize in Literature. He wrote alot of short stories, literary reviews (based on books that never existed), poems and more. Although he passed away on June 14, 1986, his writings live on to be shared with all generations. When Borges was born, Hipolito Yrigoyen headed the Radical Civic Union. General Roca was president at that time and he defended the middle class (which was what Borges was). Argentina had alot of trade with Britain and helped the economy to flourish.The people became more educated. As you can see, Borges greatest influences were his childhood, familial background, and people he met while starting to write. Borges writings are enjoyable and thought provoking. I definitely recommend it to people interested in philosophy.BibliographyFox, Goeffrey. Argentina; The Land and the People. New York: J.B. Lippincott, 1990. Borges, Jorge Luis.(Translated by: Thomas di Giovanni, Norman).The Book of Sand. New York: E. P. Dutton, 1977.Stabb, Martin S. Borges Revisited. Boston: G.K. Hall Co., 1991Mc Murray, George R. Jorge Luis Borges. New York: Fredrick Ungar Publishing Co., 1980.Alifano, Roberto. Twenty-four Conversations with Borges. MA: Lascaux Publishers, 1984.. Jorge Luis Borges, The Book of Sand (New York: E. P. Dutton, 1977), p.117.. George R. McMurray, Jorge Luis Borges (New York: Fredrick Ungar Publishing Co.,1980), p. 32. . McMurray, p. 127. . McMurray, p. 156. . Robert Alifano, Twenty-four Conversations with Borges (MA: Lascaux Publishers, 1984), p. 7. . Martin S. Stabb, Borges Revisited (Boston: G. K. Hall Co.), pp. 4-6. . Stabb, p. 13. . Stabb, p. 23. . Stabb, p. 53. . McMurray, p. xix. . Stabb, p. 11. . Robert Alifano. Twenty-four Conversations with Borges (MA: Lascaux Publishers, 1984), p. 61. . Geoffrey Fox, Argentina; The Land and People (New York: J.B. Lippincott, 1990), pp. 37, 175. .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a , .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a .postImageUrl , .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a , .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a:hover , .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a:visited , .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a:active { border:0!important; } .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a:active , .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E5 0; } .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } . u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left: 18px; top: 0; } .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u031912a0ce663f05e09466bca9b48a9a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Get Gonzo: Not Your Cuddly Blue Haired Journalism Essay

Definition and Examples of Therapeutic Metaphor

Definition and Examples of Therapeutic Metaphor Definition A therapeutic metaphor is a  metaphor (or figurative comparison) used by a therapist to assist a client in the process of personal transformation, healing, and growth. Joseph Campbell attributed the broad appeal of metaphor to its inherent ability to establish or recognize connections, especially those connections that exist between emotions and past events (​The Power of Myth, 1988). In the book Imagery and Verbal Process (1979), Allan Paivio metaphorically characterized a therapeutic metaphor as a solar eclipse that hides the object of study and at the same time reveals some of its most salient and interesting characteristics when viewed through the right telescope. See Examples and Observations below. Also see: Thirteen Ways of Looking at a MetaphorWhat Is a Metaphor? Examples and Observations Where description is the main function of a literary metaphor, altering, reinterpreting, and reframing are the main goals of the therapeutic metaphor. In order to achieve these, the therapeutic metaphor must evoke both the imagistic familiarity of the literary metaphor and a relational familiarity based on a sense of personal experience. The story itselfthe characters, events, and settingsmust speak to the common life experience of those listening, and it must do so in language that is familiar. An example from a modern fairy tale might be The Wizard of Oz (Baum, 1900), which functions as a metaphor for the common theme of searching for magical solutions somewhere outside the self. The image of a wicked witch, a good witch, a tinman, scarecrow, lion, and wizard all depict aspects of the listeners experience as mirrored in Dorothy.(Joyce C. Mills and R. J. Crowley, Therapeutic Metaphors for Children and the Child Within. Psychology Press, 2001) Extended Metaphors[T]herapists can corro borate the aptness of a metaphor [by helping to] construct a chain, to assist in weaving an elaborate web of correspondences that tease out additional ramifications and add new dimensions. Rather than presenting metaphors of their choosing, therapists can try to emphasize the raw material presented by clients, and, if possible, use the lead established by them to spin out further connections. In this fourth manner, they can exploit a natural aspect of language, lexico-semantic cohesion, as a strategy to densely layer semantic associations in jointly constructed extended metaphor.(Kathleen Ferrara, Therapeutic Ways With Words. Oxford University Press, 1994) The Power of Storytelling[T]he concept of therapeutic story-telling . . . [emphasizes] the power of metaphor to slip past the defences of the conscious mind.Such practitioners have little acquaintance with literary historyotherwise they would surely have recognized that their therapeutic metaphor amounts to little more than a relabelling of the time-honoured genres of allegory and fable. What is new is their highly individualised focus. Therapeutic stories, they maintain, must be constructed specifically to suit the emotional dynamics of individuals.(Hugh Crago, Bibliotherapy and Psychology. International Companion Encyclopedia of Childrens Literature, 2nd ed., edited by Peter Hunt. Routledge, 2004)

Art And Its Influence On Art Essay Abstract art, History of painting

Abstract art is a distortion for visual effect of some object that actually exists. Abstract art uses a visual language of shape, form, color, and lines to create a work that could live with a certain amount of independence from visual mentions in the world. Three art movements that contributed to the development of abstract art were Romanticism, Impressionism and Expressi... ...e viewed in our reality. Nonrepresentational art takes nothing from reality, it is created purely for artistic reasons. Representational art describes artwork–particularly paintings and sculptures–which are clearly derived from real object sources, and therefore are by definition representational. Since the arrival of abstract art in the early twentieth century, the term figurative has been used to refer to any form of modern art that retains strong references to the real world. If someone would have approached me a month ago and told me what art was or the categories, I would have known the answer. I believe now that the connection between what the artist tries to achieve and what he achieves through the art work is what classifies art. If what the artist tried to portray is understood by a minimum of one person in the world, I would consider this a piece of art.

Project management and quality assurance Assignment

Project management and quality assurance - Assignment Example But after the calculation for net present value we have for project Mu 924,420, for project Eta 841,872 and for project Iota 370,072. To sum up due to above calculation project Mu is the recommended project because it has got less setup cost which is 1200000 and better payback period than the others which is 3 years and the net present value is much better than the other two project which is 924420 and project Iota has the high setup cost and late payback period and with low net present value. Due to underestimating the task A and task F the project would be finish later than the above estimated time which was 23/04/07. After the rescheduling the new finish day for the project Kappa would be on Monday 12/05/07 which would be 18 weeks When the plan of a project will rescheduling it would directly affect the cost and benefits of the project because the project would be finish later than the estimated time and it needs more work to do on it than the original plan so the main cost which is programmer cost will directly affect the benefit. According to I chart the project completes on 23-4-07 and by the new schedule the project will end on 9-5-07 This results in more than 2 weeks of delay and the marketing strategies also needed to be changed. The deadline mentioned to the customers about the supply of software need to be changed or the time duration between the completion of the project and the delivery of the product to the customer need to be decreased. If the cost based changes are concerned, the company has to pay for the programming and development costs for a period of 2 weeks more. This increases the expenditure on the product by 12.5 percent. The cost effectiveness of the product also decreases by that extent. If the company want to market it at the same price decided before rescheduling, there is a need of supplying for more customers initially as the supply to more number of customers will increaser profitability on same cost price. The increase of time in the production can be tolerated as no release of competitor's products is sited. This gives the company time to make the product bug free and to increase the functional performance. Due to increase in the production time, the marketing manager may object due to the delay in release of the product into the market. They can be

Theory of Knowledge Essay (Psychology) Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Theory of Knowledge (Psychology) - Essay Example Some studies have been carried out to establish how knowledge is gained, how it can be used, when can knowledge be said to be knowledge indeed, should truth be factored in knowledge etc. These factors considered in the study of knowledge consists a branch of philosophy called Theory of Knowledge (ToK). ToK as Bertrand Russell (1926) puts it is a product of doubt. He further asserts that only when you subject facts, concepts etc into sufficient doubt then you can know whether the facts, concepts etc can be said to be true and thus become knowledge. In other words knowledge is not knowledge if it isn’t true and facts, concepts, principles etc graduate to knowledge once they reach the threshold of truth. Therefore ToK ventures into four ways of knowing i.e. through emotion, language, perception (use of senses) and through reason. It also features the areas of knowledge such as Science, Arts, Mathematics, history etc while investigating how students, the actors of knowledge, gain knowledge. This paper seeks to discuss the fact that an area of knowledge is not necessarily a collection of facts. An area of knowledge, be it science or mathematics, is not a mere collection of facts even though collection of facts constitute an area of knowledge (Lehrer, 2000). Science is dependent on facts that can be ascertained to be true. A number of facts describe science. The philosophy of science entails two parts. The first part is about the process of acquiring scientific knowledge (Scientific in the sense that it can be tested and ascertained scientifically) and the second part is about the purpose, implications and uses of the scientific knowledge acquired. One most important thing to note is the fact that the facts that make up science should have a way to be tested. Therefore, an accumulation of facts alone do not make science but if the facts can be tested scientifically and ascertained, then they qualify to constitute

How Does Steinbeck Present Disadvantaged Characters to Us Essay Example for Free

How Does Steinbeck Present Disadvantaged Characters to Us Essay Steinbeck presents disadvantaged characters to us using a number of techniques. The author does this to encourage us to sympathise and begin to understand the characters, in order to show the problems with prejudice and the various types of it which were endemic in American society in this time. Lennie is firstly presented to us through the author’s use of animal imagery in the description, and the readers first impression of Lennie is how animal like he is when phrases like ‘snorting†¦like a horse’ are used. The author does this to show that Lennie is gentle, like an animal and can be tamed like domestic animals are. It also shows Lennie will only attack on instinct and become violent when he feels threatened or under attack. This is shown when he says ‘I didn’t want no trouble’ showing that he didn’t mean to do any harm and just doesn’t realise his own strength. The author also presents Lennie in this way because animals are innocent and do not have the capacity to act morally or know good from bad. This shows Lennie’s behaviour, when he acts violently, is a result of society as society taunts him until he behaves in this way. Lennie is also presented to the readers as a vulnerable character, through the author’s description of Lennie’s actions, especially after his attack from Curley when he ‘bleated with terror’ and ‘crouched cowering’. This action emphasises his dependence on George as he couldn’t defend himself without George telling him to. His dependence on George is also made totally clear when he says ‘me an’ him goes ever’ place together’ When Lennie panics he starts to loose control and the author presents this to the readers through the structure of the text and Lennie’s dialogue. Lennie’s sentences become short and staccato like when he says phrases such as ‘please don’t’ and ‘now don’t you do that’ showing his evident panic. The readers can also tell that Lennie looses control because the author uses language such as ‘(lennie’s) face was contorted’. The author does this to show Lennie doesn’t mean to kill or hurt and does it out of panic and instinct. This is shown by Lennie himself when he says ‘I done a real bad thing†¦ George’ll be mad’ which shows Lennie realises he can’t control himself and that he has no moral judgement. It also shows Lennie thinks things are ‘good’ or ‘bad’ to him depending on what George will think of him. The author presents Lennie to us, as a disadvantaged character, in the way he has a child’s mind in a mans body. This not only enables us to see the way in which society treats people such as Lennie but it gives us an insight into the feelings of black people as lennie, being socially unaware and childlike, does not realise the social boundries of white people and goes to talk to crooks.

Strong Background in Computer Technology Will Benefit Future Engineers :: Computer Science

A Strong Background in Computer Technology Will Benefit Future Engineers Computer technology has advanced dramatically over the past ten years. Technology has advanced from computers the size of a room that can only perform one particular task, to personal computers (PC’s) that will fit on a desk and perform multiple tasks. Understanding computers and their programs and being able to apply that knowledge is very important in today’s workplace. Engineering is a field that requires an extensive background in computer technology. Future engineers will benefit dramatically from having a strong background in computer technology. In order to understand why computers are important, we have to understand what a computer is and what it does. A computer is a device capable of performing a series of calculations or logical operations without human intervention. The computer is characterized by the number and complexity of operations it can perform and by its ability to process, s tore, and retrieve Data ("Computers" 1). The development of computers began in the 19th century by British mathematician Charles Babbage (Eadie 3). Babbage designed, but did not build, a mechanical digital device capable of processing information as a modern computer does (4). In 1930 American scientist Vannevar Bush built a mechanically operated device, called a differential analyzer (4). It was the first general-purpose analog computer. Analog computers will be discussed later in this paper. The first information-processing digital computer actually built was the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator, or Mark I computer (4). Completed in 1944, this electromechanical device was designed by American engineer Howard Aiken (5). In 1946 the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, or ENIAC, was put into operation (5). Using thousands of electron tubes, it was the first electronic digital computer. In the late 1950s transistors replaced electron tubes in computers, allowing a reduction in the size and power consumption of computer components (5). In the 1960s hybrid computers were tried that connected analog computers to digital ones. Later integrated circuits were developed that allowed further reduction in component size and increase in reliability. The introduction of a relatively easy to use PC in 1981 began a period in the rapid growth of the computer industry. The computer industry is still thriving today with the introduction of faster processors such as the Pentium II and now the Pentium III, high tech printers, scanners, and of course the Internet. There are two types of computers, analog and digital.

Altex Corporation Case Study Essay

1.Why was a risk management plan considered unnecessary? According to the contract award, contracts at that time did not require that a risk management plan be develop while according to the sponsor the risk management plan was not necessary because most of the new weapon systems requirements are established by military personnel who have no sense of reality about what it takes to develop a weapon system based on technology which does not even exist yet. According Kerzner, in the earlier days of the project management on many commercial programs, the majority of project decisions heavily favored cost and schedule. This was because we knew more about cost and scheduling than we did about the technical risks. But on the other hand it is essential that programs define and implement appropriate risk management and contingency plans to enhance program management effectiveness and provide program managers a key tool to reduce life cycle costs (Kerzner, 2009). 2.Should risk management planning be performed in the proposal stage or after the contract award assuming that it must be done? Risk management is employed throughout the program’s life cycle and should be developed early in the program from the very beginning and addressed continually throughout the program. Risk management is not a separate program function but part and parcel of the overall program planning and management process. In order to be effective, the risk management process must be recognized as a program management activity, and not something limited to the engineering function. Any program element associated with cost, schedule, and performance has a direct interface with the risk management process. This process does not change fundamentally as the program progresses, although some changes or adjustments might occur as the program progress (Kerzner, 2009). 3.Does the customer have the right to expect the contractor to perform risk analysis and develop a risk management plan if it is not called out as part of the contractual statement of work? The customer has the right to expect the contractor to perform risk analysis and develop a risk management plan as part of the project planning. An effective life cycle risk management process requires a commitment on the part of the program manager and the program office to be successful. It is essential that Project manager define and implement an appropriate risk management and contingency plans. The customers expect the contractor to be the expert who knows what needs to be done in any project and that is why he has been hired to do the jobs. Risk management will enhance program effectiveness and provide program managers a key tool to reduce life cycle costs (Kerzner, 2009). 5.How effective will the risk management plan be if developed by the project manager in seclusion? There is no way a project manager will have a risk management plan in seclusion. The reason being first, Risk management planning is the process of deciding how to approach and plan the risk management activities of the project. Secondly the process will include identifying the project charter, current polices, current roles and responsibilities, and the project management plan and, the Risk Management Plan (RMP) strategy needs to be established early in the project and will need to be continually developed throughout the project life cycle. Project risks include business and contractual relationships, cost, funding, management, political, and schedule risks. Other risks are technical, production, and support risks. These entire put together risk management plan has to be part and parcel of the project planning (Kerzner, 2009). 6.Should the customer be allowed to participate in or assist the contractor in developing a risk management plan? Risk management requires early and continual involvement of all of the program team as well as outside help as appropriate. When we are trying to identify the risk we may get our results based on survey of the project and this will involves customer fully. We have to involve the customer since in any case there is a risk then it the risk management program that will support setting realistic cost, schedule, and performance objectives and identifies areas that require special attention. If we don’t involve the customer then that may lead to the customer loosing trust on our company and at the same time we will end up delivering a low quality work (Kerzner, 2009).

Character and Iago

The Balance of Iago and Desdemona’s Characters in Othello In William Shakespeare’s tragic play Othello the balance of good versus evil is seen in Desdemona and Iago. â€Å"Every character is [†¦] balanced by another similar or contrasting character†(Kernan 877). We see this balance in Desdemona’s â€Å"innocence† and Iago’s corrupting hatred (877). The effects both Iago and Desdemona have on the main character Othello throughout the play only help to show this balance. Othello becomes the tragic work of art due to the balancing of Iago’s hatred and Desdemona’s loyalty throughout the play.At the beginning of the play, Iago’s hatred is evident through his desire to have revenge on Othello. As he speaks to Roderigo, he discusses this hatred for Othello. â€Å"These fellows have some soul, / And such a one do I profess myself. / It is as sure as you are Roderigo, / Were I the Moor I would not be Iago. / In following him , I follow but myself- / Heaven is my judge, not I for love and duty, / But seeming so for my peculiar end. † (Shakespeare 1. 1. 56-62). From this Iago begins his plot to overtake Othello by manipulating others to do his bidding which only adds to the extremity of his character.With his plot in motion, Iago, according to Amy Clark, uses a special technique to trick Othello by â€Å"cleverly [appearing] to be reluctant to speak ill against others. † This technique â€Å"makes Othello not suspect Iago of any dishonest behavior† (Clark). This is where Othello believes his so called friend over his wife. This method that Clark speaks of shows Iago’s deceit towards Othello. Iago says to Othello, â€Å"Cassio:/ In sleep I heard him say â€Å"Sweet Desdemona,/ Let us be wary, let us hide our loves†;/ And then, sir, would he gripe and wring my hand,/ Cry â€Å"O sweet creature! and then kiss me hard,/ then laid his leg/ Over my thigh, and sigh'd, and kiss 'd; and/ Cried â€Å"Cursed fate that gave thee to the Moor! † (Shakespeare 3. 3. 418-426) Iago is also willing to do almost anything to get his revenge. This is proven again at the denouement of the play, when Iago kills his own wife, as she tells Othello that Desdemona was in fact innocent. Iago tries to shut Emilia up from stating the truth by saying, â€Å"Zounds, hold your piece† (Shakespeare 5. 2. 231), â€Å"Be wise, and get you home† (Shakespeare 5. 2. 236), â€Å"Villainous whore! (Shakespeare 5. 2. 243) and â€Å"Filth, thou liest! † (Shakespeare 5. 2. 246). Iago isn’t successful in shutting Emilia up until he stabs her and she dies. Iago manipulates and twists many actions within this play to help him succeed in his revenge against Othello; however, in the end of the play it is not only Othello but also Iago who creates his own demise. Desdemona in turn balances out Iago’s pure hatred with the love and devotion she has towards he r husband. Desdemona says to Othello, â€Å"For ‘twas that hand that gave away my heart† (Shakespeare 3. . 43) proving that her love and devotion was for Othello, and Othello only. William Long says that this is shown in Desdemona’s â€Å"exposition of the reasons she loves Othello [and this helps to define] her essential character as a woman of loyalty and fidelity to him† (Long). This can also be seen when Desdemona is questioned about leaving Venice to follow Othello to Cyprus. She says, â€Å"The rites for why I love him are bereft me,/ And I a heavy interim shall support / By his dear absence.Let me go with him† (Shakespeare 1. 3. 258-60). As the play comes to its climax, we can see the effect that Desdemona has on her husband. Overcome with a jealous rage, due to the fact that he thinks Desdemona is cheating on him, and thanks to Iago’s hatred, Othello ends up killing her despite her pleas. Although, Desdemona is completely innocent of this act, she remains faithful to her husband in her last breath as she declares to Emilia that â€Å"nobody† did this to her except herself (Shakespeare 5. 2. 128).Othello has been called one of William Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies, and throughout the entire play, Alvin Kerman’s theory of each character having another character that is â€Å"similar or contrasting† to create balance is shown directly through the characters Iago and Desdemona (877). Othello’s corruptive behavior is caused by Iago’s hatred and is balanced by her innocence as well as her love and devotion for her husband. The balances they create make Othello the tragedy it is known as today. Works Cited Clark, Amy. â€Å"Analyze The Techniques Iago Uses to Plant Suspicion In Othello’s Mind. Coursework. Info. Web. 03 Apr. 2012 Kernan, Alvin. â€Å"The Complete Signet Classic Shakespeare. † Backpack Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama and Wr iting. Ed. X. J. Kenndy and Dana Gioia. 4th ed. New York: Longman, 2012. 877. Print. 03 Apr. 2012 Long, William R. â€Å"Desdemona's Love and Othello. † Dr. William Long and Dr. Bill Long. 1 Jan. 2004. Web. 03 Apr. 2012. Shakespeare, William. Othello, The Moor of Venice. Backpack Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama and Writing. Ed. X. J. Kenndy and Dana Gioia. 4th ed. New York: Longman, 2012. 762-875. Print. 03 Apr. 2012

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buy custom U.S. Education essay The US economy has reached the most precarious scenario ever, since the 1930s Great Depression. A deficit in the balance-of-payments, deficit in the current and capital account and an astounding negative balance of trade, have sounded the alarm on the economys vulnerability. The slow down started in 2007 and then attained a significant decline after the real-estate slump and problems with financial institutions. By December 2007, US government had officially conceded that the economy had entered a great recession. It has become increasingly important for the government to bail out major financial institutions to protect the American citizens. Such bailouts have been to the tune of half a trillion US dollars. While the government gambles with solutions of revitalizing the economy, there are other pressing issues at hand. One of these issues is the overdue education reform. Some schools of thought believe that education reforms are more urgent and significant to the future of America than even health reforms. Such lucid comments accrue from the understanding of the failures of the K-12 education system. Majority of scholars and the elite spectrum of education experts in the US feel and express vivid reservations on the effectiveness of the K-12 education. There is a widespread belief that the US ought to reform the way it train its young. This mandate seems dear to the incumbent administration, with president Obama taking the lead in advocating for reforms in Americas public schools. However, the Obama administration is mainly focusing on pre-school programs, hiring and compensating effective teachers, state standardization, and the introduction of numerous charter schools. The key things being left out and what experts feel must also be addressed with urgency is the curriculum, modes of teaching and training innovation and creativity. Nevertheless, let us review the K-12 education system more critically and objectively appreciate its status. We will also try to compare this with the education system in China. Buy custom U.S. Education essay

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Portfolio - Assignment Example From traditional times, management helped in developing different process of control that would enhance in formulating as well as implementing management strategies. The principle purpose of maintaining managerial function is to develop a better understanding of the different approaches of management to formulate a strategic plan to manage business operations in a coordinated manner. In the diversified environment like the present day business scenario, dynamic planning is most efficient (Evans & Lindsay, 2012). In this context, management of organizations is observed to be effectively managing different management strategies, so that they are able to develop their organizational base and enhance the efficiency of the same. Different theorists have elaborated on the different approaches of management to develop organizational abilities to perform is a sustainable manner. These approaches of management are observed to be having a huge impact on the performances of a business. Effectiv e management of strategies helps in enhancing the productivity of an organization in order to improve the sustainability as well as profitability of an organization (Gibbins-Klein, 2001). In this regard, the assignment elaborates on the different approaches of the management that would enhance the ability of the students to perform better. The implication of the different strategies has been observed to be a part of management that influences personal development and leadership abilities of the managers. Rodrigues (2001) stated that the use of principles of management has deviated largely from its initial position owing to the changing needs in the developmental procedure of an organization. It has been noted that the principles of management have been changing according to the changing needs of the market environment. It has been identified that even though the theoretical approaches of

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Self Actualization - Essay Example Self-actualization is a psychological concept accredited to Kurt Goldstein, defined as an instinctive human need to make the most of their abilities and to strive for fulfillment of their potential. In Maslow's expansion of Goldstein's concept, an individual reaches self-actualization when they feel assured of their physiological security, affiliations and affections, and their respect. In Maslow's terms, "What a man can be, he must be (Maslow, 1943)." Self-actualization can be described in layspeech as self-fulfillment. Though the term carries various implications and nuances depending upon the academic, its essence is of happiness and fulfillment. Paxton and Turner paraphrase Shostrom: Overall, Shostrom's theory of self-actualization is one that emphasizes positive mental health and psychological adjustmentActualizing persons are viewed by Shostrom as individuals who are willing to take the risk of being themselves and to respond according to how they feel in the present, rather than adhering to rigid patterns of the past or to inflexible goals of the future. Two concepts that are central to Shostrom's theory of actualizing are inner-direction and time competence. Shostrom describes actualizing persons as being inner-directed, meaning that the motivation for their behavior comes from within, not from external influences. The importance of the concept of inner-direction to Shostrom's theory is illustrated by the fact that he describes inner-direction as a goal of self-actualizing and a central tenet Time competence, another characteristic of actualizing individuals, refers to the ability to live in the here-and-now rather than predominantly living in the past and/o r in the future (66). Self-actualization is intimately related to identity-the concept of fulfillment grows from one's perception of self. "The reflected self is composed of three elements: The self-concept (SC)-a person's perception of himself or herself; the Perceived Self-Concept (PSC)-a person's perception of others' evaluations of him or her; and the Social Self-Concept (SSC)-others' actual evaluations of a person (Schafer et al, 168)." The well-known Chilean sociologist Max-Neef has inextricably nine components of fulfillment and actualization in his matrix of needs-satisfactions. According to Max-Neef, people and communities reach fulfillment when they have access to the following: Basic subsistence (food, shelter, work), Protection (rights, family, security), Affect (friends, family, partners or spouses), Understanding (education, policy, and communications which orient one in their social context), Participation (rights, responsibilities, and obligations), Recreation (games, shows, parties, leisure), Creation (abilities, talents, methods, and skills), Identity (symbols, language, customs, sexuality, values, and roles), and Freedom (civil rights and equality) (Max-Neef, 1986). Fundamental Human Needs Being (qualities) Having (things) Doing (actions) Interacting (settings) subsistence physical and mental health food, shelter work feed, clothe, rest, work living environment, social setting protection care, adaptability autonomy social security, health systems, work co-operate, plan, take care of, help social